Abstract This article intends to place, at the heart of a critical, political, and theoretical reflection, the changes in urban leisure dynamics, namely in the cities of Maia (Portugal) and Curitiba (Brazil), the fruit of the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe, through the lens of cultural studies, that COVID-19 constitutes an essential and unique opportunity to understand human phenomena around an extreme health situation that triggered biopolitical processes and technological control mechanisms in the mobility and leisure of bodies and continues to do so. This article highlights how the pandemic has blurred the domestic, work, and leisure boundaries, much to the service and benefit of the neoliberal and capitalist systems. Our methods combined ethnographic collection (conducted from March 2020 through June 2021), qualitative data analysis, and theoretical contributions by Foucault (1979/1998, 1996/1999, 1975/2002, 1994/2006, 2010a, 1976/2010b), Deleuze (1992, 1995), Certeau (1980/1994, 1993/1995), Haraway (1997, 2018), Braidotti (2020) and Mbembe(2003/2018) in a very particular articulation with the locus, the social and political context of the spaces and the pandemic consequences acting in a very specific and insidious way in each one. We were able to verify that, in the pandemic, leisure is (re)claimed and valued as a fundamental right in the face of regulation, control, and discipline over bodies. Data indicate that subjects reclaim their lost mobility and space, challenging the order, law, and authority put in place. A pertinent theoretical and empirical articulation was also evidenced between the sanitary policies in place and the observed disruptive and subversive performances, which show, in time and space, a gradation and progression of the subversion of bodies in leisure parks, which are privileged loci of freedom.

Resumo Este artigo pretende colocar no cerne de uma reflexão crítica, política e teórica as alterações nas dinâmicas de lazer urbano, nomeadamente, nas cidades da Maia (Portugal) e Curitiba (Brasil), fruto da pandemia de COVID-19. Consideramos, sob a lente dos estudos culturais, que a COVID-19 constitui uma oportunidade fundamental e única para compreender os fenómenos humanos em torno de uma situação sanitária limite que acionou e continua a acionar processos biopolíticos e mecanismos de controlo tecnológico na mobilidade e lazer dos corpos. Este artigo destaca a forma como a pandemia diluiu as fronteiras entre o doméstico, trabalho e lazer, muito em serviço e benefício do sistema neoliberal e capitalista. Recorrendo a uma recolha etnográfica (realizada entre março de 2020 e junho de 2021), à análise qualitativa de dados e aos contributos teóricos de Foucault (1979/1998, 1996/1999, 1975/2002, 1994/2006, 2010a, 1976/2010b), Deleuze (1992, 1995), Certeau (1980/1994, 1993/1995), Haraway (1997, 2018), Braidotti (2020) e Mbembe(2003/2018) numa articulação muito particular com o locus, o contexto social e político dos espaços e as consequências pandémicas que atuam de uma forma muito específica e insidiosa em cada um dos espaços, foi possível verificar que o lazer é, na pandemia, (re)valorizado e reivindicado como direito fundamental em face da regulação, controlo e disciplina dos corpos. Os dados indicam que os sujeitos reclamam a mobilidade e os espaços perdidos, desafiando a ordem, a lei e a autoridade implementadas. Evidenciou-se, igualmente, uma pertinente articulação teórica e empírica entre as políticas sanitárias implementadas e as performances disruptivas e subversivas observadas, que apresentam, no tempo e no espaço, uma gradação e progressão da subversão dos corpos nos parques de lazer, locus privilegiado da liberdade.

Abstract Introduction: The food security and nutrition of individuals was affected due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Increased food insecurity limits individuals from having a full and dignified quality of life. Objective: To assess the access and availability of food security in the Mexican population affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico through a literature review. Methodology: Literature review in databases such as: PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, FAO, UN, ENSANUT, Salud Pública de México and CONACYT. The search for information was carried out from November 2021 to May 2022, considering articles published from March 2020 and in relation to the health contingency period. A search equation was used for the search and, in addition, the methodological evaluation of Munns et al. was applied. Articles in Spanish and English were included, with content referring to Mexico. Results: A total of 274 articles were identified in databases; based on the eligibility criteria, surveys and/or articles on nutrition, food security and lifestyle during the pandemic in Mexico were considered. Articles were excluded for having another study design (2), title (100), abstract (82), non-relevant information (54) and (9) for full text, because they did not meet the proposed characteristics. Finally, 10 articles were selected for the literature review. With this, the data showed that the COVID-19 pandemic caused diverse affectations in the Mexican territory, this was evidenced after an increase in food insecurity and changes in lifestyle. Conclusions: Food security and nutrition of individuals were affected in the Mexican population, due to economic issues, changes in dietary patterns, as well as job losses and loss of income.

Resumen Introducción: La seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de los individuos se vio afectada, debido a la pandemia por el coronavirus (COVID-19). El incremento de la inseguridad alimentaria limita a los individuos a tener una calidad de vida plena y digna. Objetivo: Evaluar el acceso y disponibilidad de la seguridad alimentaria en la población mexicana afectada por la pandemia de COVID-19 en México mediante una revisión de literatura. Metodología: Revisión de literatura en bases de datos como: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, FAO, ONU, ENSANUT, Salud Pública de México y CONACYT. La búsqueda de información se realizó de noviembre de 2021 a mayo de 2022, se consideraron artículos publicados a partir de marzo de 2020 y en relación con el periodo de contingencia sanitaria. Para la búsqueda se empleó una ecuación de búsqueda y, además, se aplicó la evaluación metodológica de Munns et al. Fueron incluidos artículos en idioma español e inglés, con contenido referente a México. Resultados: Se identificaron 274 artículos en bases de datos, a partir de los criterios de elegibilidad se contemplaron encuestas y/o artículos sobre nutrición, seguridad alimentaria y estilo vida durante la pandemia en México. Se excluyeron artículos por tener otro diseño de estudio (2), título (100), resumen (82), información no relevante (54) y (9) por texto completo, debido a que no cumplían con las características propuestas. Finalmente se seleccionaron 10 artículos para la revisión de literatura. Con esto, los datos mostraron que la pandemia por COVID-19 provocó diversas afectaciones en el territorio mexicano, esto se evidenció tras un incremento de la inseguridad alimentaria y cambios en el estilo de vida. Conclusiones: La seguridad alimentaria y nutrición de los individuos se vieron afectados en la población mexicana, debido a cuestiones económicas, cambios en los patrones alimentarios, además de pérdidas de empleo y pérdidas de ingresos.

Abstract Introduction: The food security and nutrition of individuals was affected due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Increased food insecurity limits individuals from having a full and dignified quality of life. Objective: To assess the access and availability of food security in the Mexican population affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico through a literature review. Methodology: Literature review in databases such as: PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, FAO, UN, ENSANUT, Salud Pública de México and CONACYT. The search for information was carried out from November 2021 to May 2022, considering articles published from March 2020 and in relation to the health contingency period. A search equation was used for the search and, in addition, the methodological evaluation of Munns et al. was applied. Articles in Spanish and English were included, with content referring to Mexico. Results: A total of 274 articles were identified in databases; based on the eligibility criteria, surveys and/or articles on nutrition, food security and lifestyle during the pandemic in Mexico were considered. Articles were excluded for having another study design (2), title (100), abstract (82), non-relevant information (54) and (9) for full text, because they did not meet the proposed characteristics. Finally, 10 articles were selected for the literature review. With this, the data showed that the COVID-19 pandemic caused diverse affectations in the Mexican territory, this was evidenced after an increase in food insecurity and changes in lifestyle. Conclusions: Food security and nutrition of individuals were affected in the Mexican population, due to economic issues, changes in dietary patterns, as well as job losses and loss of income.

Resumen Introducción: La seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de los individuos se vio afectada, debido a la pandemia por el coronavirus (COVID-19). El incremento de la inseguridad alimentaria limita a los individuos a tener una calidad de vida plena y digna. Objetivo: Evaluar el acceso y disponibilidad de la seguridad alimentaria en la población mexicana afectada por la pandemia de COVID-19 en México mediante una revisión de literatura. Metodología: Revisión de literatura en bases de datos como: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, FAO, ONU, ENSANUT, Salud Pública de México y CONACYT. La búsqueda de información se realizó de noviembre de 2021 a mayo de 2022, se consideraron artículos publicados a partir de marzo de 2020 y en relación con el periodo de contingencia sanitaria. Para la búsqueda se empleó una ecuación de búsqueda y, además, se aplicó la evaluación metodológica de Munns et al. Fueron incluidos artículos en idioma español e inglés, con contenido referente a México. Resultados: Se identificaron 274 artículos en bases de datos, a partir de los criterios de elegibilidad se contemplaron encuestas y/o artículos sobre nutrición, seguridad alimentaria y estilo vida durante la pandemia en México. Se excluyeron artículos por tener otro diseño de estudio (2), título (100), resumen (82), información no relevante (54) y (9) por texto completo, debido a que no cumplían con las características propuestas. Finalmente se seleccionaron 10 artículos para la revisión de literatura. Con esto, los datos mostraron que la pandemia por COVID-19 provocó diversas afectaciones en el territorio mexicano, esto se evidenció tras un incremento de la inseguridad alimentaria y cambios en el estilo de vida. Conclusiones: La seguridad alimentaria y nutrición de los individuos se vieron afectados en la población mexicana, debido a cuestiones económicas, cambios en los patrones alimentarios, además de pérdidas de empleo y pérdidas de ingresos.

Abstract Introduction Palatine and pharyngeal tonsils are the first line of defense against pathogens. Clinically, two alterations may require surgical removal of the tonsils: hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis. The two conditions probably result from a dysfunction of the immune system. Objective To evaluate possible differences in the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in patients submitted to adenotonsillectomy. Methods Prospective, longitudinal study with 25 children undergoing adenotonsillectomy separated into 3 different groups: recurrent tonsillitis (RT), composed of 7 patients; recurrent hypertrophy tonsillitis (RTTH), with 8 patients; and the tonsillar hypertrophy (TH) group, with 10 patients. Ten healthy control children (SD) were also included in the study. Peripheral blood was collected, and plasma was separated to measure the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. The Mann-Whitney test was used for statistical analysis. Results The plasma level of IL-6 was higher in the RT (p= 0.0394) and TH (p= 0.0009) groups, compared with the control group. The TH group also had higher levels of IL-6 than the RT group (p= 0.039). The IL-6/IL-10 ratio was higher in the RT (p= 0.029) and TH (p= 0.0005) groups compared with the control group. Between the RT and RTTH groups, the IL-6/IL-10 ratio was higher in the RT group, with a statistically significant difference (p= 0.0091). Conclusion Patients with a history of chronic tonsillitis had higher levels of IL-6, compared with the control group.

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar a infuência do estresse térmico em oócitos utilizados na produção in vitro de embriões (PIV) bovinos da raça Holandesa de alta produtividade no dia da aspiração folicular (OPU; 0), 30, 60 e 90 dias antes da OPU. A partir da temperatura média no dia 0 e aos 30, 60 e 90 dias anteriores, foram classificados nos grupos conforto (CT; até 15°C) e estresse por calor (ET -acima de 15°C). Observou-se infuência negativa em oócitos e embriões viáveis (total e grau I). A submissão ao estresse térmico nos períodos de 30 e 60 dias anteriores à OPU resultou em menor produção de oócitos viáveis (P=0,0028; P=0,0092, respectivamente). Sob estresse, no dia da OPU (ET-OPU), as vacas não apresentaram redução na quantidade de oócitos viáveis (P=0,5497) e não houve infuência da temperatura para o grupo estressado 90 dias antes da OPU (P=0,8287). Para embriões totais, a diferença ocorreu apenas no grupo ET-30 (P=0,0317), onde os grupos ET-OPU, ET-60, ET-90 apresentaram, respectivamente, P=0,1987, P=0,0596 e P=0,4580. Em relação à produção de embriões grau 1, não houve diferença para os grupos ET-OPU (P=0,2291) e ET-90 (P=0,2868), porém houve redução para ET-30 (P=0,0143) e ET- 60 (P=0,0253). Em resumo, o estresse por calor teve impacto negativo quando ocorreu 30 ou 60 dias antes da aspiração folicular. Além disso, 30 dias parece ser o período de maior suscetibilidade e que causa os maiores efeitos deletérios na viabilidade oocitária e na PIV.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of thermal shock on oocytes used in the production of in vitro embryos (IVP) of high productivity Holstein cows on the day of follicular aspiration (OPU; 0), 30, 60 and 90 days before the OPU. From the mean temperature on day 0 and on the previous 30, 60 and 90 days, they were classifed into comfort group (TC; up to 15°C) and heat stress (HS; above 15°C) groups.Anegative influence was observed on oocytes and viable embryos (total and grade I). The heat stress in the periods of 30 and 60 days prior to OPU resulted in lower production of viable oocytes (P=0.0028; P=0.0092, respectively). Under stress, on the day of OPU (HS-OPU), cows showed no reduction in the amount of viable oocytes (P=0.5497) and there was no influence of temperature for the group stressed 90 days before OPU (P=0.8287). For total embryos, the difference occurred only in the HS-30 group (P=0.0317), where the groups HS-OPU, HS-60, HS-90 presented, respectively, P=0. 1987, P=0.0596 and P=0.4580. Regarding the production of embryos of grade 1, there was no difference for the groups HS-OPU (P=0.2291) and HS-90 (P=0.2868), but there was a reduction for HS-30 (P=0.0143) and HS-60 (P=0.0253). In summary, heat stress had a negative impact when it occurred 30 or 60 days before follicular aspiration. In addition, 30 days seems to be the period of more susceptibility and that causes the greatest deleterious effects on oocyte viability and IVP.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of desensitizing agents for the obliteration of dentinal tubules subjected or not to a simulated oral environment. Material and Methods: Dentinal discs (n=8) treated with Riva-Star (RS) or PRG-Barrier-Coat (PRG) were submitted (cycled) or not submitted (control) to erosive-abrasive-thermal cycles and evaluated using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis. The variables analyzed were tubule obliteration and dentin surface chemical composition. Data were analyzed by non-parametric tests (p<0.05). Results: The cycled and control groups did not differ significantly for the responses in each material. The PRG control and cycled groups had fewer visible tubules and a higher proportion of totally obliterated tubules than the RS groups. The percentages of silver coverage were higher in the RS-control than in the RS-cycled. There was a significant inverse correlation between the presence of silver and non-obliterated tubules (R=-0.791; p<0.001). The percentages of carbon, aluminum, strontium, and potassium were significantly higher in the PRG-control and PRG-cycled compared to the RS control. The percentages of calcium, phosphorus, and silver were significantly higher in the RS compared to the PRG groups. PRG-control showed a higher percentage of boron than RS-control. Conclusion: PRG promoted greater tubule obliteration than SR. Simulated stress did not affect the obliterating effect of each agent. Greater silver coverage corresponded to a lower proportion of non-obliterated tubules in RS. Carbon, aluminum, strontium, boron, and potassium predominated in the dentin surface treated with PRG, while calcium, phosphorus, and silver prevailed in RS groups.

Resumo O Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) é um elo entre os profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e a comunidade. Objetivou-se analisar as percepções de profissionais da atenção e da gestão em saúde sobre as atribuições do ACS no cuidado ao idoso dependente. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, na perspectiva hermenêutica-dialética, com 38 profissionais que atuavam na saúde do idoso em municípios das cinco regiões do Brasil. Os resultados identificaram o ACS como facilitador do acesso do idoso dependente à rede de atenção em saúde, lacunas na Educação Permanente e um número reduzido desses profissionais para atender a demanda na atenção primária. Os respondentes atribuíram grande importância à atuação do ACS, valorizaram a sua participação na Estratégia Saúde da Família, mas apontaram a deficiência de conhecimento e dificuldades para suprir a quantidade adequada nos serviços de atenção à saúde e na assistência do idoso com dependência e familiares. Conclui-se que os profissionais e gestores da saúde consideram os ACS uma grande força de trabalho e com atuação imprescindível junto ao idoso dependente e seus cuidadores. O número de ACS é insuficiente em relação à ESF e falta capacitação para lidar com os variados tipos de dependência.

Abstract Community Health Workers (CHWs) are a link between Family Health Strategy (FHS) professionals and the community. This study aims to analyze health care professionals’ perceptions and health management about CHWs’ role in caring for dependent elderly people. A qualitative study was carried out, from a hermeneutic-dialectic perspective, with 38 professionals working in elderly people’s health in cities in the five regions of Brazil. The results identified CHWs as facilitators of access to elderly people dependent on the health care network, gaps in continuing education and the reduced number of these professionals to meet the demand in primary care. Respondents attributed great importance to CHW’s performance, valued their participation in FHS, but pointed out a lack of knowledge and difficulties to supply the adequate amount in health care services and in assistance of elderly people with dependence and family. It is concluded that health professionals and managers consider CHWs to be a great workforce and essential to the dependent elderly people and their caregivers. The number of CHWs is insufficient in relation to FHS, and there is a lack of training to deal with various types of dependence.

Resumo O Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) é um elo entre os profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e a comunidade. Objetivou-se analisar as percepções de profissionais da atenção e da gestão em saúde sobre as atribuições do ACS no cuidado ao idoso dependente. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, na perspectiva hermenêutica-dialética, com 38 profissionais que atuavam na saúde do idoso em municípios das cinco regiões do Brasil. Os resultados identificaram o ACS como facilitador do acesso do idoso dependente à rede de atenção em saúde, lacunas na Educação Permanente e um número reduzido desses profissionais para atender a demanda na atenção primária. Os respondentes atribuíram grande importância à atuação do ACS, valorizaram a sua participação na Estratégia Saúde da Família, mas apontaram a deficiência de conhecimento e dificuldades para suprir a quantidade adequada nos serviços de atenção à saúde e na assistência do idoso com dependência e familiares. Conclui-se que os profissionais e gestores da saúde consideram os ACS uma grande força de trabalho e com atuação imprescindível junto ao idoso dependente e seus cuidadores. O número de ACS é insuficiente em relação à ESF e falta capacitação para lidar com os variados tipos de dependência.

Abstract Community Health Workers (CHWs) are a link between Family Health Strategy (FHS) professionals and the community. This study aims to analyze health care professionals’ perceptions and health management about CHWs’ role in caring for dependent elderly people. A qualitative study was carried out, from a hermeneutic-dialectic perspective, with 38 professionals working in elderly people’s health in cities in the five regions of Brazil. The results identified CHWs as facilitators of access to elderly people dependent on the health care network, gaps in continuing education and the reduced number of these professionals to meet the demand in primary care. Respondents attributed great importance to CHW’s performance, valued their participation in FHS, but pointed out a lack of knowledge and difficulties to supply the adequate amount in health care services and in assistance of elderly people with dependence and family. It is concluded that health professionals and managers consider CHWs to be a great workforce and essential to the dependent elderly people and their caregivers. The number of CHWs is insufficient in relation to FHS, and there is a lack of training to deal with various types of dependence.

Abstract Bovine oocytes and blastocysts produced in vitro are frequently of lower quality and less cryotolerant than those produced in vivo, and greater accumulation of lipids in the cytoplasm has been pointed out as one of the reasons. In human adipocytes cGMP signaling through the activation of PKG appears to be involved in lipid metabolism, and components of this pathway have been detected in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of this pathway on the lipid content in oocytes and expression of PLIN2 (a lipid metabolism-related gene) in cumulus cells. COCs were matured in vitro for 24 h with different stimulators of cGMP synthesis. The activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) by Protoporphyrin IX reduced lipid content (22.7 FI) compared to control oocytes (36.45 FI; P <0.05). Stimulation of membrane guanylyl cyclase (mGC) with natriuretic peptides precursors A and C (NPPA and NPPC) had no effect (36.5 FI; P>0.05). When the PKG inhibitor KT5823 was associated with Protoporphyrin IX, its effect was reversed and lipid contents increased (52.71 FI; P<0.05). None of the stimulators of cGMP synthesis affected the expression of PLIN2 in cumulus cells. In conclusion, stimulation of sGC for cGMP synthesis promotes lipolytic activities in bovine oocytes matured in vitro and such effect is mediated by PKG. However, such effect may vary depending on the stimulus received and/or which synthesis enzyme was activated, as stimulation of mGC had no effects.

The community health worker (CHW) is a link between professionals in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and the community. This study aimed to analyze healthcare personnel’s and managers’ perceptions of the role of the CHW in caring for frail elderly. A qualitative study was conducted from a hermeneutic-dialectic perspective with 38 professionals caring for elderly people in municipalities in the five regions of Brazil. The results showed the CHW as a facilitator of the access of frail elderly to the health care network, gaps in Continuing Education and a shortage of these professionals to meet the demand in primary care. The respondents attached great importance to the work of the CHW and valued their participation in the Family Health Strategy, but they highlighted the lack of knowledge and difficulties in supplying the adequate amount in health care services and in the care for frail elderly and family members. It may be concluded that healthcare personnel and managers consider the CHW to be a great work force with essential performance in the care for frail elderly and their caregivers. The number of CHW is insufficient in relation to the FHS and they lack training to deal with the various types of dependence.

O Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) é um elo entre os profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e a comunidade. Objetivou-se analisar as percepções de profissionais da atenção e da gestão em saúde sobre as atribuições do ACS no cuidado ao idoso dependente. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, na perspectiva hermenêutica-dialética, com 38 profissionais que atuavam na saúde do idoso em municípios das cinco regiões do Brasil. Os resultados identificaram o ACS como facilitador do acesso do idoso dependente à rede de atenção em saúde, lacunas na Educação Permanente e o número reduzido desses profissionais para atender a demanda na atenção primária. Os respondentes atribuíram grande importância à atuação do ACS, valorizaram a sua participação na Estratégia Saúde da Família, mas apontaram a deficiência de conhecimento e dificuldades para suprir a quantidade adequada nos serviços de atenção à saúde e na assistência do idoso com dependência e familiares. Conclui-se que os profissionais e gestores da saúde consideram os ACS uma grande força de trabalho e com atuação imprescindível junto ao idoso dependente e seus cuidadores. O número de ACS é insuficiente em relação à ESF e falta capacitação para lidar com os variados tipos de dependência.

RESUMO Objetivo A proposta desta pesquisa foi avaliar a influência do ibuprofeno arginina, sobre a concentração de amoxicilina no plasma e no tecido periapical de ratos com periodontite apical induzida. Métodos Foram utilizados 28 ratos Wistar, divididos em 4 grupos:PL: placebo (salina); AM: amoxicilina (100mg/kg); IB: ibuprofeno arginina (100mg/kg); e AM+IB: amoxicilina (100mg/kg) + ibuprofeno arginina (100mg/kg). Os animais foram submetidos à exposição pulpar do primeiro molar inferior esquerdo que permaneceu aberto por 15 dias e, então, fechado com resina composta, permanecendo por mais 07 dias. Os tratamentos foram realizados com dose única dos medicamentos (gavagem), uma hora antes da obtenção das amostras. Foram coletados 2mL de sangue da artéria aorta para a obtenção do plasma sanguíneo e amostras do tecido periapical que foram homogeneizadas para a obtenção do sobrenadante. A partir das amostras (plasma e sobrenadante do tecido periapical) realizou-se o antibiograma para análise da concentração plasmática e tecidual de amoxicilina. Resultados A concentração de antibiótico foi maior no grupo AM em comparação aos demais grupos (p<0,05, ANOVA com Tukey). O ibuprofeno arginina interferiu na concentração plasmática de amoxicilina, no entanto, a concentração de amoxicilina no grupo AM+IB foi maior que nos grupos PL e IB (p<0,05, ANOVA com Tukey). A análise do sobrenadante do tecido periapical não mostrou diferença significativa entre os grupos (p>0,05, Kruskal-Wallis). Conclusão O ibuprofeno arginina podeinterferir com a concentração plasmática de amoxicilina, porém o estudo não foi capaz de mostrar o efeito do anti-inflamatório na concentração de amoxicilina no tecido periapical.

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ibuprofen-arginine on the concentration of amoxycillin in the plasma and periapical tissues of rats with induced apical periodontitis. Methods Twenty-eight Wistar rats were divided into the following four groups: PL: placebo (saline); AM: amoxycillin (100 mg/kg); IB: ibuprofen-arginine (100 mg/kg); and AM+IB: amoxycillin (100 mg/kg) + ibuprofen-arginine (100 mg/kg). The animals were submitted to pulp exposure in the first lower left molar, which remained open for fifteen days; this was then closed with composite resin and remained for a further seven days. The treatments were performed using a single dose of the medication (gavage) one hour before taking the samples. Two mL of blood was collected from the aorta to obtain the blood plasma and the periapical tissue samples, which were homogenized to obtain the supernatant. The samples (plasma and the supernatant periapical tissue) were used to obtain the antibiogram for the analysis of the levels of amoxycillin in the plasma and periapical tissues. Results The amoxycillin concentration was higher in the AM group compared to the other groups (p < 0.05, ANOVA with Tukey’s test). Ibuprofen-arginine interfered with plasma concentration of amoxycillin; however, the AM+IB group had a higher concentration of amoxycillin than the PL and IB groups (p < 0.05, ANOVA with Tukey’s test). The analysis of the supernatant from the periapical tissues showed no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). Conclusion Ibuprofenarginine can interfere with the plasma concentration of amoxycillin but this study failed to show the effect of ibuprofen-arginine on the concentration of amoxycillin in the periapical tissues .

ABSTRACT Biomass sorghum is an alternative feedstock to cogenerate energy and produce second-generation ethanol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Genotype by Environment Interaction (GEI) in biomass sorghum and to identify the hybrids that associate high adaptability and stability using the Toler nonlinear regression, the Genotypes plus Genotype by Environment (GGE) biplot, and the Annicchiarico recommendation index. Thirty-three experimental photoperiod-sensitive single-cross hybrids and three checks were evaluated in relation to the traits: flowering time, plant height, moisture content, green mass yield, and dry mass yield. It was observed that the effects of hybrids, environment, and GEI were expressive. The GEI was predominantly complex for the traits related to the biomass yield. The Toler, GGE biplot and Annicchiarico methods show complementarity. The experimental hybrids 1, 8, 22, 31 and 33 are promising because of associating stability and lower recommendation risk. The hybrids 1 and 8 present broad adaptability, while the hybrids 22, 31 and 33 exhibit specific adaptability to high quality environments.

ABSTRACT Background: Traditionally, Buckberg cardioplegic solution is used for cardiovascular interventions in adult patients requiring cardiopulmonary bypass, whereas Del Nido solution is more commonly used in pediatric cardiac surgery. This is the first Argentine report of Del Nido cardioplegia in adult patients. Methods: From November 2016 to March 2018, 267 cardiac surgeries were performed by the same surgical team in two cardiovascular surgery centers. Among the total number of patients undergoing these surgeries, 50 received Del Nido cardioplegia (DN group) and were compared with a homogeneous group of 50 patients receiving Buckberg cardioplegia (BK group). Results: Average total operative, cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp times (128.80 min, 70.83 min and 55 min, respectively, in the DN group, and 167.78 min, 80.7 min and 64.71min, in the BK group) were statistically significant between groups (p=0.001, p=0.0032 and p=0.0004, respectively). Comorbidities and type of valve surgery were similar in both groups Conclusions: Del Nido cardioplegia can be used in adult patients with excellent results, allowing to significantly shorten operative, aortic cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times, with all the benefits these lower times entail.

RESUMEN Introducción: Tradicionalmente, en las intervenciones cardiovasculares de pacientes adultos que requieren de circulación extracorpórea, se utiliza la solución cardioplégica de Buckberg, mientras que en cirugía cardíaca infantil se emplea con mayor frecuencia la solución de Del Nido. Este es el primer reporte argentino de la experiencia con esta última cardioplegía en pacientes adultos. Material y métodos: Desde noviembre de 2016 hasta marzo de 2018, el mismo equipo quirúrgico realizó 267 cirugías cardíacas en dos centros de cirugía cardiovascular; de ese total, a 50 pacientes se les realizó la cardioplegía de Del Nido (grupo DN) y se los comparó con un grupo homogéneo de 50 pacientes que recibieron cardioplegía de Buckberg (grupo BK). Resultados: En promedio, el tiempo total de cirugía, de circulación extracorpórea y de clampeo aórtico fueron, respectivamente, 126,70 min, 70,63 min y 54 min en el grupo DN y 165,78 min, 80,5 min y 64,21 min en el grupo BK; estas diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas (p = 0,001, p = 0,0032 y p = 0,0004, respectivamente). Las comorbilidades y el tipo de cirugía valvular realizada fueron similares en ambos grupos. Conclusión: La cardioplegía de Del Nido puede utilizarse en pacientes adultos con excelentes resultados; esta permite disminuir significativamente los tiempos de cirugía, clampeo aórtico y circulación extracorpórea, con todos los beneficios que esto conlleva.

A cana-de-açúcar pode ser cultivada como matéria-prima para a produção de cachaça artesanal e forragem para alimentação animal, porém normalmente não se utiliza um bom aporte tecnológico, pois são plantadas variedades usadas para produção de açúcar e álcool. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho agroindustrial e a estimativa de parâmetros fenotípicos em variedades de cana-de-açúcar avaliadas em duas safras. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o látice triplo 4 x 4, sendo avaliadas dezasseis variedades de três diferentes instituições. Foram avaliados caracteres agronómicos e tecnológicos com importância agroindustrial. Houve diferença significativa entre as variedades e as safras para os caracteres avaliados na análise conjunta. A análise dos parâmetros fenotípicos contribuiu para o entendimento do desempenho dos caracteres ao longo das duas safras. As variedades possuem comportamento dessemelhante, porém, apresentam regularidade no desempenho, ao longo do tempo, para a maioria dos caracteres agronómicos e industriais avaliados. As características fenotípicas POL e ATR, denotam boa confiabilidade em prever o valor genotípico para estas variáveis. O alto número de medições necessárias para os caracteres TCH, PUREZA e MMC, dificultam a seleção de variedades potenciais. A correlação fenotípica avaliada em duas safras não é suficiente para realizar a recomendação de variedades.

Sugarcane can be cultivated as raw material for craft cachaça production and forage for animal feed, but usually a good technological input is not used, because varieties for sugar and ethanol production are planted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agroindustrial performance and the estimation of phenotypic parameters of sugarcane varieties of the first and second crop seasons. The experimental design was a triple lattice 4 x 4, being assessed sixteen varieties of three different institutions. Agronomic and technological characters with agroindustrial importance were evaluated. There was a significant difference between the varieties and the crop seasons for the traits evaluated in the joint analysis. The phenotypic parameters analysis contributed to the understanding of the traits performance throughout two crop seasons. Varieties do not present a similar behavior, however, they have regularity in the performance, over time, for most agronomic and industrial characters evaluated. Phenotypic characteristics POL and TRS, show good reliability in predicting the genotypic value for these variables. The high number of measurements required for the TSH, Purity and SM characters make it difficult to select potential varieties. Phenotypic correlation evaluated in two harvests is not sufficient to carry out the recommendation of varieties.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial per se de linhagens macho-estéreis e restauradoras de sorgo-sacarino (Sorghum bicolor), bem como detalhar a heterose manifestada quanto a algumas características relacionadas direta ou indiretamente à produção de etanol, à taxa de acúmulo e à previsibilidade. As avaliações foram realizadas com 20 genótipos, dos quais 4 linhagens restauradoras de fertilidade (R), 3 linhagens macho-estéreis (A) e 12 híbridos experimentais (H) resultantes do cruzamento dialelo parcial entre as linhagens A e R, além de um híbrido comercial CV198 como testemunha, em quatro épocas de colheita. Os experimentos foram realizados nos municípios de Lavras e Sete Lagoas, no Estado de Minas Gerais. As características mensuradas foram altura de planta, produção de massa verde, extração de caldo, conteúdo de sólidos solúveis totais e megagramas de Brix por hectare. As linhagens macho-estéreis A1 e as restauradoras R1 e R2 apresentam melhor potencial per se, ao se considerar todos os caracteres e a sua taxa de acúmulo e a previsibilidade de comportamento, nas diferentes épocas de colheitas. A heterose é significativa para todos os caracteres. Os híbridos H11, H13, H14, H21, H22 e H33 são promissores por seu maior desempenho per se e maior heterose.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential per se of male-sterile and fertility-restorer lines of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), as well as to detail the heterosis manifested for some traits directly or indirectly related to ethanol production, accumulation rate, and predictability. Evaluations were performed for 20 genotypes, of which 4 are fertility-restorer lines (R), 3 are male-sterile lines (A), and 12 are experimental hybrids (H) resulting from the partial diallel cross between lines A and R, besides a commercial hybrid CV198 used as a check, in four harvest seasons. The experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Lavras and Sete Lagoas, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The measured traits were plant height, green mass production, juice extraction, total soluble solids content, and megagrams of Brix per hectare. The male-sterile A1 and the fertility-restorer R1 and R3 lines show the best potential per se, considering all traits and their accumulation rate and predictability over harvest times. Heterosis is significant for all traits. The H11, H13, H14, H21, H22, and H33 hybrids are promising because of their better performance per se and higher heterosis.